1. run into ①.偶然遇见 ②.撞 ③跑进 ④流入
Guess whom I ran into in town today! ( 偶然遇见 )
He ran into the back of another car the other day. ( 撞 )
We saw the boy run into the house. ( 跑进 )
The river runs into a lake. ( 流入 )
短语：run away 逃跑 run out (of) 耗尽，结束
“遇见”的说法：run into, run across, come across, happen to meet sb,
meet sb. by chance
2. Boy missing, police puzzled.男孩失踪, 警察迷惑。
= A boy is/goes missing, and the police are puzzled.
go missing=go lost : go 连系动词, 意思为“变成某种状态（通常指不好的状态）”
如: go mad (发疯), go wrong (出故障), go bad (变质)
puzzle vt. 使迷惑，使为难 n. 谜，谜语；难题，困惑（只用单数）
puzzled adj. 困惑的，茫然的 puzzling adj.令人困惑的
be/ feel puzzled about sth. 对…感到困惑
Lucy looks a little _puzzled_. He felt puzzled about the question.
The question puzzled me. = I was puzzled by the question.
（ B ）The __________ look in his face suggested that he_________ that.
A. puzzling; hasn’t expected B. puzzled; hadn’t expected
C. puzzling; doesn’t expect D. puzzled; didn’t expect
puzzle, interest, surprise, astonish, shock, upset, excite, disappoint, please, satisfy, frighten, amaze, convince 等意思为“使??????”的动词都属于同一类，现在分词表主动，可译为“令人??????的”， 过去分词表被动，表示“（本身）感到??????的”
1) _B__ and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. (2006 全国卷)
A. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprising
2) Tom sounds _A_ very much in the job, but I’m not sure whether he can manage it.
A. interested B. interesting C. interestingly D. interestedly
3) 这个消息很激动人心，所以听到这个消息学生们都很激动。
The news was exciting and the students were all excited at it.
4) 他大吼一声把那些男孩都吓住了。
His shouting was frightening and the boys felt frightened.
3. step up : increase, speed up 增加；加速(stepped, stepped)
When John realized he was going to be late, he stepped up his pace.
We decided to step up production to try to meet the increased demand.
We’ll do all we can to step up our aid to those countries.
短语: step into走进 step by step 逐步
4. search vt. 寻找 宾语一般为地点 search for : look for宾语是要寻找的东西
search sb. / sp 搜某人的身或搜查某处 search for sb. / sth. 搜寻某人或某事物
search sb/sp for sth在某人身上/某处搜查某物 search out 搜出、 探出
比较：They searched him.他们搜他身； They searched for him.他们在找他
search n. in search of / in one’s search for
They went out in search of water.= They went out, searching for water.
It was lucky for them in their search for gold.
( D )--- The police have been __________ the area for quite a long time?
--- I’ve also noticed that. What have they been ________ ?
A. searching; searching B. searching for; searching
C. searching for; searching for D. searching; searching for
5. due to : ① because of, caused by 做表语，状语
他没被大学录取是因为他的英语太差。
He wasn’t admitted to college due to his poor English.
我们的一切进步归功于老师的帮助。
All the progress we have made is due to our teacher’s help.
由于糟糕的天气，运动会不得不被推迟了。
Due to/ As a result of/ Owing to /Because of/On account of the bad weather, the sport meeting has to be put off.
② be due to do 定于（某时）做某事
他儿子定于三点到。His son is due to arrive at 3pm.
6. witness n. 目击者; 见证人 v. 目睹; 目击; 见证
1) I was a witness to their quarrel.
2) 谁目击了这场车祸？ Who witnessed the accident？
3) The successful launch of Shenzhou VIII is a powerful witness to our country’s increasing prosperity. 神舟八号的成功发射是我们伟大祖国日益强盛的有力见证。
7. see +sb./sth+ do/ doing/done: watch, look at, hear, listen to , notice, feel , observe, have(使，让)等动词与see有这种相同用法。
1)I pulled back the curtains and saw a large spaceship flying outside .
我拉开窗帘看见一个巨大的宇宙飞船正在外面飞行。
2) 我看见他进了那家饭店。 I saw him go into the restaurant.
3）有人看见他一小时前离开了。He was seen to leave an hour ago.
4）看到儿子在托儿所受到很好的照顾, 我很高兴。
I’m very glad to see my son taken good care of in the nursery.
8. Standing inside were lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.
倒装句，句子主语太长，为保持句子平衡该句采用了倒装语序。
结构是：doing+ be+主语 引导的完全倒装
= Lots of creatures with white skin and large black eyes were standing inside.
Standing over there was a girl. Seated at the table was Tom.
Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.
Sitting at the back of the room was a shy girl with two big eyes.
9. fright n. 恐惧, frighten vt.使害怕,
frightened adj. 害怕的, frightening adj. 令人害怕的
frighten sb. into (doing) sth. 把某人吓得做某事
frighten sb. out of (doing) sth. 把某人吓得不敢做某事
那小偷吓得不敢说话。The thief is frightened out of speaking.
be frightened of sth. 害怕 你怕狗吗？Are you frightened of a dog?
be frightened to do sth. 害怕做某事 我怕的不敢问他。I’m frightened to ask him.
The story, which was frightening frightened us.
I even get frightened when I hear a plane fly over.
The dog frightened away the little girl. = The little girl was frightened by the dog.
10. show up 出现, 显露，到场
We have been waiting for you to show up. 我们一直都在等你出现。
你邀请的人都到场了吗？Did everyone you invited show up?
show off卖弄，炫耀
Most small children like to show off in front of visitors.大部分孩子喜欢在人前卖弄。
show around 带（某人）参观（某地）
When I am free, I will show you around my school.我有空时会带你参观我们学校。
短语：on show / display / exhibition 在展览
show in领某人进来 show out把某人送到门口
11. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上，尤指不幸的事
如果机器出了什么毛病，请通知我们。
If anything happens to this machine, please inform us.
昨天我碰巧看见他。I happened to meet him yesterday.
发生的表达(无被动语态)：happen, take place, occur, come about
It occurs/occurred to sb that… sth occurs/occurred to sb
A good idea occurred to me.___________________
12. research v. research into / in / on sth. 研究某物
他们正在研究改善人们饮食的方法。
They are researching on ways of improving people’s diet.科学家正对太空奥秘进行研究。
The scientists are researching on the mysteries of outer space
research n. do / make / carry out research into / on sth.
13. possible adj. possibly adv. possibility n. 可能性，可能
1)It is possible that …
2)There is a possibility of doing sth; There is a possibility that…
Is there any possibility of our getting there in time? 我们有可能及时到那里吗?
14. make up 编造；弥补；组成；化妆
Uncle Dick likes making up interesting stories for the children. （ 编造 ）
She had been absent from school for two weeks, so she had a lot of exams to make up. （ 补 ）
Girls make up 45% of the student population in our school. （ 占据，组成 ）
Tom watched his sister making herself up for her date. （ 化妆 ）
We haven’t been getting on well. Let’s make up. （ 弥补 ）
be made up of 由…组成
Sixty students make up our class.= Our class is made up of sixty students.
15. look into 向里面看，调查
我们将调查这件事的可能性。We’ll look into the possibility of the matter
The police are looking into the reason why the plane crashed into the sea.
Would you mind looking into the problem for me?
The cause of the fire is being looked into now.
The teacher looked into the classroom through the window and found nobody in.
16. take charge (of) 负责（处理某事或照顾某人），接／看管
in charge (of ) 负责（某事） free of charge 免费
sth. be in the charge of sb. in sb’s charge 由某人掌管、负责；
1)Who will take charge of the factory during the director’s absence?
2) Tom works there, in charge of the sales department.
汤姆在那儿工作，负责销售部。
3) The girl was safely left in the charge of a nurse.
那个女孩安全地由一个护士看护着。
4) These books were sent to our school free of charge.
这些书是免费送给我们学校的。
17. not…until/till…; …until/till…
I did not realize what had happened until he left the room angrily.
=Not until he left the room angrily did I realize what had happened.
=It was not until he left the room angrily that I realized what had happened.
18. carry out 实施，执行，落实，实现
一旦你许下诺言，就应该履行它。
Once you have made a promise, you should carry it out.
这个计划不可能实施。It’s impossible for the plan to be carried out.
19. separate 指把原来连在一起或靠近的东西“分离”也可指“离别”
divide 指把整体“分成，划分”许多份，后常接into, between
The Taiwan Straits separate Taiwan from Fujian.
He separated the good apples from the rotten ones.
The island is divided into two parts. He divided his time into work and play.
20. pick up 拾起，捡起；（用车）接（某人/物），中途搭乘；偶然间学会；加快
He picked up his school bag and rushed out of the door. ( 捡起 )
I’ll come to pick you up; please wait for me. ( 接 )
The train picked up speed and ran faster. ( 提高，加快 )
Kathy picked up a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls. (学会 )
21. convince vt. 使确信 convince sb. of sth.
We failed to _convince him of his mistake. 我们没能使他相信他是错的。
convince sb. that + 从句 使某人相信 = sb be convinced that + 从句 相信……
I am convinced that what you said is quite right.
They have convinced me that the Chinese people are a great people.
他们是我相信，中华民族是一个伟大的民族。
convinced adj.确信的，信服的,被说服的 convincing adj.令人信服的
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