2012届高考英语Unit 21单元知识考点导学案

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2012届高考英语Unit 21单元知识考点导学案
Unit 21 Body language 身势语
核心词汇
1.To ____________(避免)the traffic jam in the city center,you can turn right here and take another way.
2.The girl’s beauty and rich knowledge soon made her the ____________(焦点)of attention.
3.A disastrous accident ____________(发生)on the road,causing three deaths.
4.She ____________(经营)the company while her father stayed away on business.
5.y son had done his work so badly that I couldn’t hold back my __________(愤怒)any more.
6.Only the people with ____________(具体的) knowledge know how to use the equipment properly.
7.If some athletes use drugs,it is __________(不公平的)for the others.
8.Watch out!The road __________(转弯)sharp to the right.
9.用vary的适当形式填空:
(1)Children can choose from among a ____________ of activities in this park.
(2)They arrived late for ____________ reasons,disappointing the host.
(3)Opinions on this matter ____________ from person to person.
10.We must ____________ remember that no building can stand without ____________ foundations,and neither can a marriage.(firm)
1.avoid 2.focus 3.occurred 4.managed 5.anger 6.specific 7.unfair 8.bends 9.(1)variety (2)various(3)vary 10.firmly firm
高频短语
1._______________给某人帮助
2._______________通过;度过;到达
3._______________停放;依靠
4._______________通过……向某人问候
5._______________举起;拿起;举出
6.________________ (在空间或时间上比某人、物)更前;更早
7.________________ 按顺序,整齐
8.________________ 做鬼脸;扮怪相
9.________________ 弄倒某物;拆除某物
1.give/lend sb.a hand 2.get through 3.rest on 4.greet sb.with 5.hold up 6.ahead of 7.in order 8.make a face 9.tear down sth.
重点句式
1.And if we are _____________________,there is ________________ to see the smiling face of a good friend.
如果我们情绪低落或感到孤独,那么没有比看到好友的笑脸更好的了。
2.We can learn ____________ about what a person is thinking _____________________.
通过观察一个人的身势语,我们可以了解他或她的许多想法。
3.________ there are many different interpretations of our body language,some gestures seem to be universal.尽管对于身势语的解释五花八门,但某些手势语似乎是全球通用的。
4.What are ________________ we need to be very careful about our body language and gestures?
在什么样的场合我们需要注意我们的身势语和姿势呢?
1.feeling down or lonely;nothing better than 2.a lot;by watching his or her body language 3.While 4.some situations where
知识详解
1avoid vt. 逃避;避免;回避
【教材原句】 (P58)avoiding eye contact 避免眼神交流
思维拓展
①(朗P116)We want to avoid disappointing our customers.
我们要避免使顾客失望。
②I avoided punishment/being punished by running away.
我逃走了,避免了惩罚。
思维拓展
后跟动名词作宾语的动词很多,可用下列方式记忆:
避免 错过 少延期(avoid miss put off/postpone)
建议 完成 多练习(suggest finish practise)
喜欢 想象 禁不住(enjoy imagine can’t help)
承认 否定 与嫉妒(admit deny envy)
逃避 冒险 莫原谅(escape risk excuse)
忍受 保持 不介意(stand keep mind)
③Faced with the financial crisis,none of us are willing to risk losing our jobs.面临这场金融危机,我们没有一个愿意去冒失去工作的危险。
即境活用
1.You can hardly ________ her since you both work in the same factory.
A.avoid to meet   B.not avoid meeting
C.avoid meeting D.not avoid to meet
解析:选C。avoid后面跟动名词作宾语,hardly本身就表示否定的含义,不需要再加上not。本句句意:由于你们在一家工厂上班,你几乎不可能避免遇上她。
2 manage vt.& vi. 做成(某事);管理;经营
【教材原句】 (P58)No,thanks.I can manage it myself.
不用了,谢谢。我自己能做。
(1)vt.经营,管理
①(牛津P1226)Don’t tell me how to manage my affairs.
用不着你告诉我怎样管我自己的事。
②It is not easy to manage such a large hotel.
管理这么一家大旅馆可不容易。
(2)vi.& vt.设法做好,想办法得到,常与can,could,be able to连用。
③But for your help,they couldn’t have managed it.
没有你们的帮助,他们是干不成的。
④(牛津P1226)In spite of his disappointment,he managed a weak smile.
尽管他很失望 ,他还是勉强露出一丝淡淡的微笑。
⑤The box was heavy,but he managed to carry it.
那箱子很重,但他仍能设法搬运。
比较网站
manage to do sth.,try to do sth.
(1)manage to do sth.意为“设法完成”,表示经过努力达到了目的。
⑥He managed to get the work done with very little help.
他在没有什么帮助的情况下,设法完成了工作。
(2)try to do sth.表示“尽力去做某事”,不包含是否成功的意思。
⑦He tried to climb the tree,but he failed.
他试图爬上这棵树,但失败了。
⑧He tried to get the work done with little help.
他尽量在没有什么帮助的情况下完成工作。(不知完成与否)
即境活用
2.He ________ to escape from the prison,but he couldn’t find anybody to help him.
A.succeeded    B.attempted
C.advised D.managed
解析:选B。succeed后不接不定式作宾语;advise doing sth.建议做某事;manage to do sth.成功做成某事,与题意不符。
3.The earthquake survivor,who was an old lady of more than eighty,________ to live without food and water for nearly two weeks and was helped out in the end.
A.kept B.tried
C.managed D.succeeded
解析:选C。manage to do sth.设法成功地做成某事。
3crazy adj. 疯狂的,着迷的
【教材原句】 (P59)The “crazy” gesture,moving the index finger in a circle in front of the ear,means “you have a phone call” in Brazil.
用食指在耳旁绕一圈的“神经病”手势在巴西意味着“有你的电话”。
①(朗P471)Dad’s going to go crazy when he hears I quit my job.爸爸要是听说我把工作辞了会气疯的。
②The young man worked like crazy so that he could forget the sadness of losing his close friend.
这年轻人发疯似地工作,以此忘记失去密友的痛苦。
③It is crazy of you to buy the car at such a high price.
居然花那么高的价钱去买这辆车,你真是疯了。
思维拓展
be/become/grow crazy about...对……狂热;热衷于……
like crazy 发疯似地;拼命地(作状语)
It is crazy of sb.to do sth.某人做某事真是疯了
go crazy 变疯了
即境活用
4.The girl is________about dancing.She believes she can become a good dancer some day.
A.crazy   B.fond  
C.interested  D.devoted
解析:选A。be crazy about对……狂热,热爱……,迷上……。
4occur vi. 发生;出现;(某事)被想到;(某种想法)浮现在脑海中
【教材原句】 (P63)Put numbers next to all the things in the order they occur.
按照发生的顺序在这些事情的旁边加上号码。
思维拓展
①A creative idea occurred to him while he was walking in the park.在公园散步时他想到了一个创意。
(sth.)occur to sb.某人想起某事
It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人想起做某事
It occurs to sb.that... 某人想起某事
②(牛津P1377)It didn’t occur to her to ask for help.
她没想到请别人帮忙。
③It just occurred to me that I had left my umbrella in the classroom.我突然想起把伞忘在教室里了。
即境活用
5.完成句子
(1)今早醒时,我突然想到一个很棒的主意。
An excellent idea ________________ when I woke up this morning.
答案:occurred to me
(2)2010年1月发生在海地的大地震是历史上最可怕的自然灾害之一。
The strong earthquake that ________ in Haiti in January,2010,was one of the most terrible natural disasters in history.
答案:occurred
5focus n. (兴趣、活动等)中心;焦点
【教材原句】 (P63)Think about the purpose and focus of your story.考虑一下你的故事的目的和重点。
(1)v.集中(注意力,精力集中)
①They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.
他们关心的是保持土壤肥沃免受病害。
②The film helps people focus their attention on the living conditions of those living in the slums in India.这部电影帮助人们去关注生活在印度贫民窟中的人们的生活状况。
③All her energies are focused upon her children.
她全部精力都倾注到了孩子们身上。
(2)n.用心,焦点
④The unattended children in villages has been the main focus of attention by the media.
农村留守儿童已经成为媒体关注的焦点。
思维拓展
即境活用
6.Only by_______your attention ________ what you are learning can you learn it well.
A.focus;on B.pay;on
C.focusing;on D.paying;on
解析:选C。by为介词,后加v.?ing形式。排除A、B两项。句意:只有把精力集中在你学的东西上,你才能学好它。故选C项。focus...on...“把……集中在……上”。而pay attention与介词to连用。
6ahead of 在……之前;比别人做得好;提前
【教材原句】 (P58)Somebody is late for a flight and wants to go ahead of the queue.某人登机迟到了,想去队伍前面。
①(牛津P42)She was always well ahead of the rest of the class.她总是遥遥领先于班上的同学。
②You should make a plan for your study ahead of time.
你应该提前制定一个学习计划
思维拓展
go ahead(with) 进行;开始;往下说;用吧;干吧
get ahead(of) 胜过,超过
be ahead(of) 占优势;可望取胜;领先;在前面
ahead of time 提前(in advance)
③—ay I use your pen?我可以用一下你的钢笔吗?
—Yes,go ahead.行,用吧。
④However,the government is planning to go ahead with the building next year.然而,政府却计划明年就着手建造。
即境活用
7.(2009年高考四川卷)—ay I open the window to let in some fresh air?
—________.
A.Come on! B.Take care!
C.Go ahead! D.Hold on!
解析:选C。句意:——我可以开窗进点新鲜空气吗?
——开吧?Go ahead“干吧,用吧”符合语境,故C项正确。
7get through 通过;度过;到达;完成;接通(电话)
【教材原句】 (P60)A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.一个微笑可以帮助我们渡过难关,还可以使我们在茫茫人海中找到朋友。
①(朗P868)I was so embarrassed,I don’t know how I got through the rest of dinner.
我觉得太尴尬了,不知道自己是怎么捱过晚餐剩下时间的。
②(朗P868)When she finally got through,the manager wasn’t there.
当她终于打通电话时,经理却不在那儿。
③The woman was so fat that she couldn’t get through the doorway.这女人胖得连门都通不过。
④They had got through most of the work before the manager came back.
在经理回之前他们已经把大部分工作都完成了。
思维拓展
⑤I was in a meeting and couldn’t find an excuse to get away.我正在开会,找不到脱身离开的理由。
即境活用
8.(2009年高考全国卷Ⅰ)I tried phoning her office,but I couldn’t ________.
A.get along B.get on
C.get to D.get through
解析:选D。考查动词搭配辨析。句意:我试着拨了她办公室电话,但是打不通。get along前进,进展;get on上(车、马等);get to到达;get through打通电话。
8hold up 举起;拿起;阻滞;提出某人(事物)作为范例
【教材原句】 (P61)Holding up one’s head 抬起头
①The boy held the picture up so that we can see it clearly.
男孩将画举起以便我们都能看清楚。
②We were held up on our way to the airport in a traffic jam.
我们在前往机场的路上因为堵车而延误了。
③She is always holding up her children as models of behaviour.她总标榜自己的子女是良好品行的榜样。
思维拓展
④Could you hold on?I’ll just see if the manager’s in.
你不要挂断电话好吗?我去看一看经理在不在。
⑤The boss was unable to hold back his anger any longer.
老板再也抑制不住怒火了。
即境活用
9.—Is Peter there?
—______,please.I’ll see if I can find him for you.
A.Hold up B.Hold on
C.Hold out D.Hold off
解析:选B。考查词组辨析。答语的意思是“请稍等,我看能不能为你找到他”。此处hold on表示“别挂断,等一下”。
句型梳理
【教材原句】 (P60)And if we are feeling down or lonely,there is nothing better
than to see the smiling face of a good friend.如果我们情绪低落或感到孤独,那么没有什么比看到好友的笑脸更好的了。
【句法分析】 (1)There is nothing better than to do sth.是一句型,意为“没有比做某事再好的了,没有什么能强过……”。
①There is nothing better than to help yourself to a cold drink in hot summer.
没有什么强过在炎热的夏天喝杯冷饮料的了。
②There is nothing better than to have a walk with her.
没有什么比和她一起散步再好的了。
(2)down此处是形容词,意为“气馁的,沮丧的;虚弱的”。
③He is badly down;we’d better have a heart­to­heart talk with him.他情绪很不好,我们最好跟他谈谈心。
④He looks down.I think he must be tired.
他显得很虚弱,我想他准是太劳累了。
即境活用
10.When you are lost,there is nothing______than to stay where you are,waiting for help.
A.more   B.better  
C.worse  D.rather
解析:选B。There is nothing better than to do sth.是固定句式,意为“最好做某事;没有比……再好了。”句意为:当你迷路的时候,最好的方式就是待在原处不动,等待援助。


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