高考英语写作原则

编辑: 逍遥路 关键词: 高考复习 来源: 高中学习网


  一、长短句原则

  写英语作文时,有长句,也要有短句。在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。写一个短小精辟的句子可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:

  For example:

  As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.

  二、主题句原则

  写作文时一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,隐藏主体句是不可取的。

  For example:

  To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句).

  Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.

  三、一二三原则

  写文章必然要通过一些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!

  1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)

  2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗)

  3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)

  4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐,原因:俗)

  5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)

  6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)

  7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)

  8)most important of all, moreover, finally

  9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)

  10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)

  四、短语优先原则

  写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点?精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!

  For example:

  I cannot bear it.

  可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it.

  I want it.

  可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it.

  这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。

  五、多实少虚原则

  写文章应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说很好的时候,不应该只说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之类的形象词。再比如:

  走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room

  但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room

  小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room

  小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room

  老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room

  所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!

  六、多变句式原则

  1)加法(串联)

  都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。

  比如说: I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar. 如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm. 其它的短语可以用:besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover

  2)转折(拐弯抹角)

  写作的时候,在要点之前先写点别的,注意二者之间的联系就够了。

  For example:

  The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.

  The coat was thin, but it was warm.

  更多的短语:despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, not with standing

  3)因果(so, so, so)

  讲故事的时候要追求先后顺序,先什么,后什么,所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系!

  The snow began to fall, so we went home.

  更多短语:then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that

  4)失衡句(头重脚轻,或者头轻脚重)

  文章中如果出现这样的句子,就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句的变形。

  举例:This is what I can do.

  Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.

  同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分:

  When to go, Why he goes away…

  5)附加(多此一举)

  在写作时,用上定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语,效果会更好。

  The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.

  I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.

  Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.

  其实很简单,同位语要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成;定语从句?借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中,但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。

  6)排比(排山倒海句)

  文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此,引用一个个的排比句,一个个得对偶句,一个个的不定式,一个个地词,一个个的短语,如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势!

  Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.

  Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.

  We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life. (气势恢宏)

  要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可!

  七、挑战极限原则

  既然是挑战极限,必然是比较难的,但是并非不可攀!

  原理:在学生的文章中,很少发现诸如独立主格的句子,其实也很简单,只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会,它就是分词的一种特殊形式,分词要求主语一致,而独立主格则不然。比如:

  The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.

  Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.

 

 

相关信息:
2009高考英语写作句型
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