Unit 2 of Module I Heroes Period One Lesson 1 & 2
一. 内容：
Unit 2 of Module I Heroes Period One Lesson 1 & 2
二. 本课目标与要求
1、掌握这些单词及词组的用法
词 汇
相关提示
generous adj.
慷慨的，大方的.
found vt.
建立，创立
opinion n.
意见，看法，主张
equal adj. 平等的
请记住由 generous 派生的副词和名词，掌握与其搭配的介词及常用的句式。
请注意区分动词原形的 found 与 find 的过去式和过去分词，掌握其后接介词 on／upon的用法。
请记住 opinion 后的常用介词，掌握短语 in one’s opinion以及 opinion 与advice, view 和belief的区别。
请注意 be equal to 的用法。
2、重点句式
agree and disagree（赞同或者反对）
I agree/I think… 我认为……
in my opinion… 在我看来……
3、写作：用本单元所学的单词、短语、句型以及语法，给朋友写一封信谈谈你的生活方式，可以参考课文的文章结构。
三. 重难点词汇讲解
1、calm adj.镇静的，沉着的
It is important to keep/stay calm in an emergency.
在紧急情况下保持镇静是很重要的。
（1）派生词：calmly adv.沉着地，若无其事地；calmness n.
（2）calm还可用作动词，表示“（使）平静，（使）镇定（常与down 连用）”。
作名词，表示“平静的状态”；如：
（1）Have a brandy it’ll help to calm you down.
（2）After the storm came a calm.
（3）The President was calm throughout the global crisis.
2、generous adj.慷慨的，大方的
gene（n.基因）+―rous（形容词后缀）
It was generous of you to share your food with me .
你把食物与我分享，真慷慨。
（1）派生词：generously adv.慷慨地，大方地；generosity n.大方
（2）搭配：be generous with sth./in doing sth./to do sth., 如：
The young man is generous with his money／in giving help.
这个小伙子用钱大方／慷慨助人。
（3）generous 的英文解释为 showing readiness to give money，help，kindness，etc.,所以说“某人花钱大方（generous with one’s money）”没有贬义，并不是说这个人花钱大手大脚，而是说他（她）乐善好施。
单词拼写
The rich woman is kind-hearted. She is______ with her money and helps many poor school children.
3、character n.人物；性格
经典例句 He is a man of strong character.
他是一个个性很强的人。
（1）派生词：characteristic adj. 表现特点的，特有的；characterize v. 表现……的特色
（2）character n.在不同的语言环境中有不同的含义，要依据上下文进行判断。如：
The twin brothers are different in character.
The two problems are quite different in character.
The Chinese characters look like small pictures.
I find all the characters in his new play amusing and interesting.
4、explore vt .探险
巧记提示 explore（探险）→explain（v. 解释）
（1）派生词：exploration n. 探险、探测，explorer n. 探险家、探测者、探测器
（2）explore 作及物动词时，后面直接接表示地点的名词，意思是travel into or through（a place，esp a country）in order to learn about it explore 带有“考察”的含义。
Columbus discovered America but did not explore the new continent.
哥伦布发现了美洲，但没有考察这块新大陆。
5、用explore 和 search for 填空
At that time，the French dreamed of （梦想） discovering and controlling more land across the world. In 1535 Francis I，King Of France，ordered a navigator（航海家）named Jacques Cartier to_____ the New World and____ a passage to India.
6、wave vi.挥手示意，致意
巧记提示 w 和 v 看起来像波浪。
wave to ／at sb. 向某人挥手
e.g. She waved to me from the window as the train left the station.
火车离站时她在窗口向我挥手告别。
翻译句子：
他看见我们时向我们挥了挥手。
7、found vt.建立，创立
（1）found 与 find 的过去式及过去分词的形式相同，found 的过去式和过去分词是 founded。
The People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949.
中华人民共和国成立于1949年。
（2）派生词：foundation n.基础，根据；建立，创办
（3）词组：be founded on／upon 建立在……基础上；以……为根据 如：
This story is founded on／upon fact.
这故事是有事实依据的。
翻译
This company was founded in 1724.
8、opinion n. 意见，看法，主张
巧记提示opinion（意见）-onion（n. 洋葱）
（1）搭配：opinion of／about sb. ／sth. 对某人/某事（物）的看法
In my opinion and in the opinion of most people，it is a very sound investment.
照我的和大多数人的看法，这是个很可靠的投资。
（2）习惯用语：in one’s opinion=in the opinion of sb .按照某人的看法 be of the opinion that…主张……，认为……
注意：
according to 也表示“根据、按照”，但 according to 一般引用的都是出自他人或他处的消息，不能与me／my opinion 连用。“以我之见……”应该翻译成“in my opinion…”。
（3）辨析：opinion，advice 与 view
这三个词都含有“观点；建议；意见”的意思，但用法不同。
opinion 常用于法院判决，尤其指个人的判断，它基于一种根据，这种根据不足以排除可能的争论。
You should ask the opinion of the doctor. 你应当征求医生的意见。
It is wise to seek a second medical opinion before submitting to surgery.
在决定做手术之前再寻找另外一种手段是聪明的做法。
They represent no opinion but their own.
advice 表示“忠告；意见”，侧重于指提出意见的人比对方有更多的经验、知识，因而提出善意的或建设性的忠告或意见；也可以指向有经验的人征求意见，是不可数名词。若说“一个忠告”时，应用a piece of advice。如：
In one of his books，Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language.
马克思在他写的一本书里对如何学习外语提出了一些建议。
view 指“见解、观点”，侧重“对较广泛、重大或有关公众的问题所采取的态度”，view 比 opinion 更为肯定、全面和有系统。如：
May I know your views on the question?
我能知道你对这个问题的看法吗?
“Our belief in any particular natural law cannot have a safer basis than our unsuccessful critical attempts to refute it” （Karl Popper）.
“我们对于任何自然规律的坚信都不能像我们怀着不可能的愿望去推翻它那样有一个坚实的基础” （卡尔?波尔）。
选择正确的短语填空
_____（According to my opinion／In my opinion），when in trouble we’d better ask our teachers，parents，friends or classmates for help.
9、personally adv.就自己而言
巧记提示 personal（adj. 个人的）+-ly（副词后缀）
例如： Personally，I don’t mind your smoking here.
就个人而言，我不介意你在这儿吸烟。
（1）同义短语：in my opinion
（2）personally 表示“就个人来说”，是副词，常用在句首。如：
Personally，I think he is dishonest，but many people trust him .
就我个人而言，我认为他不诚实，可是有许多人信任他。
选择：You may not agree；but____ I think she is a good girl.
A. truly B. gradually
C. personally D. commonly
10、equal adj.平等的
Women are demanding equal pay for equal work.
妇女要求同工同酬。
（1）反义词：unequal 不相等的，不平等的；派生词：equality n. equally adv.（副词）
（2）搭配：be equal to sth./sb.与……相等/平等
We should give every player an equal chance to win.
Experience is equally as valuable as theory.
11、struggle n. 斗争，拼搏
巧记提示 struggle（竞争）→structure（n. 结构）
Despite his terrible injuries，he wouldn’t give up the struggle for life.
他尽管身负重伤，但仍然没有放弃求生的努力。
（1）同义词，fight n.
（2）struggle vi.竞争，努力，奋斗
常见短语：struggle against with difficulties 与困难作斗争
struggle for power 争夺权力
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
struggle through the snowstorm冒着暴风雪前进
12、protest n. 抗议
巧记提示 pro（=pre，前缀：在前）+test（v. 作证）；
原义：在……面前作证→坚决表示赞成或反对→抗议。
经典例句 Loud protests were heard when the decision was announced.
这决定一经宣布，抗议之声不绝于耳。
（1）搭配：enter／make a protest about/against sth. 对某事物提出抗议
（2）习惯用语：under protest 不情愿地，认为是不公正地
用正确的介词填空
The workers stopped working as a protest_____ the long time of overwork.
13、millions of 数百万，许许多多的……
（1）类似的词语还有 thousands of，hundreds of，tens of thousands of ,dozens of 和 scores of ,这些短语后面需接可数名词的复数形式。
There were millions of inhabitants living in the city.
（2）用基数词表示确定数量时，hundred，thousand，million等构成的数词要用单数形式，后面的复数名词前一般不得加 of。如：
There were several million inhabitants living in the city.
（3）当 hundred，thousand，million这些词用来表示不确定数量时，必须使用复数形式，同时接“of +复数名词”。
用所给词的正确形式填空
Millions of ______（book） have been written about young people in the United States.
四. 重点句式分析与拓展
1、The spaceship, called Shenzhou V. was carrying China’s first astronaut, Yang Liwei.
这艘命名为“神舟5号”的宇宙飞船载着中国第一位宇航员杨利伟飞向太空。
（1）句中的called Shenzhou V 是动词的过去分词，作后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。即：which is called Shenzhou V.
（2）Yang Liwei 和 China’s first astronaut 互指，是China’s first astronaut 的同位语。
拓展：
（1）过去分词作定语时，一般置于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句，但较从句简洁，多用于书面语中。
（2）过去分词或短语作定语与所修饰的词之间往往存在被动的关系。
2、When the spaceship was doing its seventh circle, Yang Liwei showed the flags of China and the United Nations, expressing the wishes of the Chinese people to explore and use space peacefully.
当飞船绕地球转到第七圈时，杨利伟在飞船上展示了中国国旗和联合国国旗，以表达中国人民和平开发、利用太空资源的意愿。
（1）这是一个主从复合句，从句是“When the spaceship was doing its seventh circle”在句中是状语从句，表示主句谓语动词 show 发生的时间。
（2）现在分词短语 expressing the wishes of the Chinese people to explore and use space peacefully 在句中也作状语，表示与 show 同时发生的伴随动作。这个短语中的to explore and use space peacefully 是并列的不定式短语，作 the wishes 的后置定语。现在分词短语作伴随状语多放在句子的后面。
3、As Yang Liwei returned into the earth’s atmosphere, helicopters were flying to where he would land, ready to collect him.
当杨利伟返回地球大气层的时候，直升机已经飞往着陆地点，等候迎接他。
（1）该句是一个主从复合句，句中包含两个从句。
（2）as 引导的从句是一个时间状语从句，表示句中的动词 fly 发生的时间；where 引导的从句是一个宾语从句，作介词 to 的宾语。
（3）句末的 ready to collect him 是一个形容词短语，在句中作状语。
拓展：
（1）as，when 和 while 都表时间，但有区别。as 多用于口语，强调“同一时间”或“一先一后”；when 则强调“特定时间”；while 也表同一时间，其所表示的时间不是一点，而是一段。
（2）形容词或形容词短语作状语常常不是修饰某一个动词。它表示句中的一个名词或代词所表现出来的状态，用这样的一个词常常能起到言简意赅的作用。
【模拟试题】（答题时间：15分钟）
一、词组专项练习
1. What you know about him is not his real______（性格）.
2. Martin liked Gandhi’s ideas about peaceful ______ （抗议）.
3. He devoted all his life to______ （斗争） for the rights of Chinese people.
4. They are （组织） a charity concert for the disabled.
5. The hero is f for being brave and good.
6. Do you know why people are interested in e______ space and oceans ?
7. Yang Liwei is the first a______ of China, who stayed in space for 21 hours.
8. He w goodbye to us and then disappeared in the distance.
9. Do you still remember the e of our first meet?
10. Are you k to play tennis with me this afternoon?
二、综合阅读
He was the baby with no name. He was found and taken from the north Atlantic（大西洋） six days after the sinking of the Titanic in 1912. The salvage （救援） workers called the small body “our baby.” In their home port （港口基地） of Halifax, Nova Scotia, people collected money for a headstone（墓碑） in front of the baby’s grave （墓）, written with the words： “To the memory of an unknown child.” He has rested there ever since.
But history has a way of finding its secrets. On Nov. 5, this year, three members of a family from Finland arrived at Halifax and put fresh flowers at the grave. “This is our baby,” says Magda Schleifer, 68, a banker. She grew up hearing stories about a great-aunt（姑姥姥） named Maria Panula, 42. At that time, she had sailed on the Titanic for America to meet her husband. According to the information Mrs. Schleifer had got, Panula gave up her seat on a lifeboat（救生艇） to search for her five children - including a 13-month-old boy named Eino from whom she had become separated during the final minutes of the sinking. “We thought they were all lost in the sea,” says Schleifer.
Now, using teeth and bone pieces taken from the baby’s grave, scientists have compared the
DNA from the Unknown Child with those collected from members of five families who lost relatives（亲属）on the Titanic and never found the bodies. The result of the test shows that it may be the possible person： young Eino. Now, the family understand： no need for a new grave. “He belongs to the people of Halifax,” says Schleifer. “They’ve taken care of him for 90 years.”
Adapted from People, November 25, 2002
1. The baby travelled on the Titanic with his___________.
A. mother B. parents C. aunt D. relatives
2. What is probably the boy’s last name?
A. Schleiferi. B. Eino. C. Magda. D. Panula.
3. The underlined word it refers to .
A. The Titanic B. Eino. C. Magda. D. The story
4. Some members of the family went to Halifax and put flowers at the child’s grave on Nov. 5______.
A. 1912 B. 1954 C. 2002 D. 2004
5. This text is mainly about how______________.
A. the unknown baby’s body was taken from the north Atlantic
B. the unknown baby was buried in Halifax, Nova Scotia
C. people found out who the unknown baby was
D. people took care of the unknown baby for 90 years
【试题答案】
一、词组专练和单词拼写
1. character 2. protest 3. fight/struggle
4. organizing 5. famous 6. exploring
7. astronaut 8. waved 9. experience
10. keen
二、综合阅读
1. A
因为当时孩子的母亲玛丽亚带着五个孩子去美国看她的丈夫，所以孩子应该是和母亲一起乘的铁达尼号。
2. D
孩子的母亲叫Maria Panula，根据西方人的习俗，妻子结婚后随夫姓，所以她丈夫的姓是Panula，孩子亦然。
3. B
it在这指小孩Eino。
4. C
铁达尼号1912年出事，最后一句话“They’ve taken care of him for 90 years.”说孩子被照顾了90年，所以孩子的家庭成员来看他的时候应该是2002年。
5. C
故事的结尾段一句话The result of the test shows that it may be the possible person： young Eino. 它告诉我们说根据DNA技术，孩子可能就是Eino。
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